The rabies vaccine is recommended for people at high risk of exposure, such as those traveling to areas where rabies is common, certain laboratory workers, and those who work with animals. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is also crucial for anyone who has been bitten or scratched by a potentially rabid animal.

For pre-exposure prophylaxis, the vaccine is typically given as a series of three doses: on days 0, 7, and 21 or 28. For post-exposure prophylaxis, the vaccination schedule includes a series of four or five doses, depending on the individual's previous vaccination status, administered on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and sometimes 28.

Common side effects of the rabies vaccine include mild pain and redness at the injection site, headache, and mild fever. Serious side effects are rare but can include allergic reactions. It's important to report any severe reactions to your healthcare provider.

The rabies vaccine is highly effective in preventing rabies when administered according to the recommended schedule. For pre-exposure prophylaxis, it provides protection from the disease, while for post-exposure prophylaxis, it can prevent the onset of rabies if administered promptly after exposure.

Immunity from pre-exposure vaccination typically lasts for several years, but the exact duration can vary. For those at ongoing risk of exposure, booster doses may be recommended. Post-exposure prophylaxis provides immediate protection and is effective as long as the full course is completed.